Casey Berley Paying It Forward

Casey Berley, broker at Hortenstine Ranch Company, is a proud graduate of Texas A&M University (Class of 1989) with a degree in Animal Science. Nearly 30 years later, while his daughter Madison (fightin’ Texas Aggie Class of 2019) was attending Texas A&M University, Casey developed an overwhelming desire to give back to the great institution who gave so much to him and now to his daughter.

“My education within the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences together with certain influential professors and successful industry professionals who invested in me, are keys to my success as an industry professional and person,” states Casey. “The persistent question within me remained, how do I pay this forward?”

Casey received his answer when a mutual Aggie friend, Mr. Doug Grady ‘71, introduced him to Dr. Ed Rister ‘74, a professor at TAMU. Dr. Rister currently teaches the Agribusiness Entrepreneurship Program in the Department of Agriculture Economics (AGEC 424 and AGEC 425), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.  Casey recalls, “the Lord began to make it clear how I could give back to Texas A&M and pay the same blessings forward to future generations of Aggies.”

Through Dr. Rister’s invitations, Casey serves by volunteering his time and sharing his professional experiences in an effort to assist entrepreneurship students as they develop small businesses during a two semester long course (AGEC 424 and 425). On various occasions during the semester, the students present their business plans to industry professionals (mentors) resulting in critique and constructive feedback for the student. The students make adjustments and modifications to their businesses through the semester, and ultimately present their business plans in a large event held in April known as the Entrepreneurial Dreams Symposium. During the symposium, students receive additional counsel and are ultimately judged while competing for scholarships.

Casey comments, “I consider it a great honor and privilege to participate as a mentor and judge during the symposium. Through a simple investment of my time, the students inspire me, give me hope and demonstrate incredible dedication to making the world a better place! My entire family is blessed with the opportunity to give back. We are proud to announce that in April of this year, the Tamara and Casey S. Berley ’89 Agribusiness Entrepreneurship Pass Through Scholarship will be awarded to a qualified student for their hard work, dedication to their purpose and demonstration of Aggie core values.”

Subsequently and separately, Casey has the honor of serving on Texas A&M’s College of Agriculture Development Council (acronym COADC). On two occasions during the academic year, COADC meetings are held where the TAMU College of Agriculture thoroughly informs former students and friends who serve on the council with regard to the college’s initiatives to promote itself, current and former students, agriculture, agribusiness, provide selected scholarships as well as recruit, educate and graduate students who will be as successful in the agriculture industry and in life as possible. COADC helps promote and support the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and its students.

“Through these two efforts, I am humbly blessed to serve those Aggies who have and will graduate after me while paying it forward as those did who invested in me.” Casey Berley- ALC, Broker Associate, Hortenstine Ranch Company, TAMU Class of 1989

Click here to learn more: Casey Berley

Casey’s current listings:

Gun Barrel Ranch, Bristol 609 Ranch, Glass Ranch, Sunrise Ranch, Panola T-331 Tract, Harrison T-287 Tract

Managing the deer herd on your ranch can be a daunting task if not approached in the correct manner.  It is certainly one of those topics, like habitat management, that can come with a lot of opinions, bad habits, and practices.  Many land owners solely rely on techniques that have been passed down throughout each generation based on past successes or failures, and have been tweaked along the way.  There is nothing wrong with that, and in some cases, it’s very effective, but along with those are a few bad habits that are often hard to break.  That’s where the Quality Deer Management (QDM) approach comes in.  Their framework is structured more toward developing and maintaining a healthy herd rather than trophy management, but certainly not exclusive to a particular style of management.  QDM is science based, research driven, and will work in both low and high fence environments. https://www.qdma.com/qdm-vs-trophy-traditional-deer-management/

Herd management can be a double-edged sword, and I personally, have been guilty of using some of these inherited bad habits.  There’s nothing wrong with knowledge that’s been passed down from real life lessons, but if not applied correctly, they can create a lot of headache with today’s changing conditions.  We’ll highlight several of the key components of herd management and look at practical ways to implement them on your property.

First, we’ll discuss predator management and fawn recruitment.  Simply put, if fawn recruitment is low, the natural reaction is to back off of your doe harvest.  That’s the quick fix, but don’t stop there.  The source of your fawns is certainly a key resource, but once they hit the ground the story isn’t over.  There’s no question that in any region in the country, particularly the south/southeast coyotes and bobcats take a large toll on our fawn population.  With this, comes balance, it certainly isn’t necessary to totally eradicate all predators, but you cannot manage your deer herd, without managing your predators.  Many land owners often minimize the effects that bobcats can have, but they are just as fierce and in some cases more challenging to manage due to their nature. In this case trapping is certainly the way to go, especially in late winter and early spring just before the fawns drop.  However, becoming an effective trapper in one season is very difficult.  It takes a lot of time and effort to become successful at trapping these wily animals.  Hiring a professional may be the way to go for most land owners unless you have the time and resources, then learning the craft will benefit you for years to come. https://www.qdma.com/coyote-control-right-option/

Second, managing your herd is also managing their habitat like we mentioned in the previous article, and remember, it’s not just about the growing season.  This is a year-round chore. It also means getting out and monitoring the availability of food in late winter and early spring.  That is the most critical time for deer as they are approaching spring and fawning season and food sources are low.  There are several practical ways to go out and assist them during this stressful time.  The first way is to manage your native vegetation.  Here in the south there actually is some food available, but it’s sparse.   Green briar and honeysuckle for instance will be green during this time of the year and pulling it down into a deer’s reach can help them.  On the property we lease we have areas where either an old brush pile has been over taken with honeysuckle or something similar along a tree line; we will hinge cut small saplings where these vines cling to and actually bring down the vegetation lower to the ground where the deer will be able to reach it.  This seems trivial, but a few hours’ worth of work could help tremendously.  https://www.qdma.com/provide-emergency-winter-deer-food/

Also, the food plots we planted in September and October will be key right now as well.  Acorns have just about vanished, and the turnips, radishes, and winter grass have all fully developed.  Deer will key in on these food sources and depending on the volumes your land is able to produce, could be the only quality source of food they have.  This could make a huge impact on building your deer herd.  If they know they can find food all year, especially during early spring, they will more than likely use your property the rest of the year.  Another option is placing mineral throughout the property in the form of a salt lick or block.  This is also an excellent way to monitor your deer herd, which is key to managing them.  In the south, it’s rare to find a property unaffected by wild hogs, so we’ve adopted this method from the QDMA for securing our mineral blocks where the hogs can’t hijack them.  See this video for further explanation. https://www.qdma.com/video-hog-proof-trophy-rock/

We personally use the hard-rock mineral blocks from Trophy Rock. They last around 4 months, depending on the rainfall, and deer will literally use them year-round.  They have turned into an incredible source of supplemental feed that is very cost effective and helps us keep tabs on our deer herd.

Ok, back to deer management. Doe management is vitally important to developing a healthy deer herd.  Before you start shooting does, and recording data, take a step back and develop an overall plan.  Maybe even have a biologist come in and conduct a deer survey on the property to assess what you already have. https://tpwd.texas.gov/publications/pwdpubs/media/pwd_rp_w7000_1126.pdf Once you have a good handle on your current herd dynamics, it’s also good to go ahead and supplement this with a thorough camera survey.  This will be beneficial as the seasons and conditions change, and also serve as a way to keep an eye on inventory throughout the year.  More on that in the next article.  https://www.qdma.com/video-5-tips-better-deer-camera-surveys/

Now that you have an idea on how many does you’d like to take this coming fall, develop a plan on how and where you want to take them.  I, personally, try and take my does early in the season before the rut, but this is due to our antlerless season, and leaving time to focus on my buck harvest during mid and late November.  Most people focus on achieving a certain sex ratio when doe harvest is brought up, but this is only a piece of it.  Taking does each fall can actually increase fawn production.  https://www.qdma.com/taking-can-actually-increase-fawn-production/

This is one of those traps I fell into.  I grew up with the notion that if your property wasn’t just ‘over-run’ with deer, then shooting several does each season was hurting fawn production.  I just couldn’t wrap my head around shooting multiple does in a season, knowing they were potentially carrying next year’s fawn(s).  There was no scientific data to back up my assumptions, just too many years of being uninformed led me to be hesitant to shooting does.  Then once I was aware that does needed to be taken each year, I only wanted to take the ‘old dry doe’ and preserve a potential producing doe for next year.  The main problem with this is neither I, or the other hunters on our lease could single handedly alter the population that drastically.  Second, I was forgetting about the carrying capacity of the property.  Too many does equals an unhealthy deer herd, thus taking does out each season will immediately equate to more food available for the remaining deer. It really is that easy.  It just took time, and me getting out of my uninformed comfort zone to actually learn this.  Also, shooting the right doe was also revealed to me.

In years past of waiting around for that old, usually very wise doe to show up, I was passing a lot of younger and truthfully, higher maintenance does.  Those younger does, even yearlings are the highest maintenance deer on the property.  They require more forage for the first year’s survival than an old dry doe.  Long story short, the correct doe to take, is the one that presents the best opportunity for a clean shot.  So consequently, in some cases punching a few tags could mean a much healthier deer herd.  https://www.qdma.com/shoot-doe-fawns/

Another result of managing your herd is achieving a desirable sex ratio.  This is accomplished with shooting both bucks and does.  Generally speaking, nature provides bucks and does each year in proportion, so we should harvest them the same way.  This will be limited in some areas due to restricted harvest bag limits set by the state game department.  Either way, don’t get caught up in trying to whittle your herd down to a perfect 1:1 ratio.  This isn’t realistic to achieve and maintain in most cases, but a 2:1 (2 does to 1 buck) is certainly more realistic and much easier to maintain once everyone is on board.  For a more detailed look at this check out the following. https://www.qdma.com/reality-doebuck-ratios/   Other consequences of managing your herd is possibly intensifying the rut.  Achieving a tighter sex ratio, will usually yield to a more predictable and intense rut period.  Check out the details here, https://www.qdma.com/triggers-whitetail-rut/

Now that we are talking about shooting bucks – which one is the correct buck to take?  This is where the debates really heat up.  In many areas of Texas hunters only have one “trophy” buck tag, and usually another one for a “cull” buck.  So, what is a trophy and what exactly is a cull?  This is a whole other article in itself, but essentially it all comes down to you and your goals for your property.  We won’t even get into the spike debate, there is plenty of research showing where some young spikes grew into a nice, branch antlered buck later in life.  There are too many variables to make a general statement there, but in the end a trophy is in the eyes of the beholder.  https://www.qdma.com/video-put-real-trophy-display-jawbone/

For several seasons, I was thrilled with a 3 ½ year old buck, but over time that motivated me to try and target a 4 ½ year old or better.  The next two seasons I was yet again rewarded with a buck from this age class.  However, during those years, we only managed to take few bucks off the entire ranch, allowing our age structure to climb.  See, when we began leasing this particular ranch, we didn’t punch a buck tag for 4 years due to over hunting by the previous tenants.  So, we invested those first few years and went into full rehab mode.  As the seasons passed, and we learned the property and herd dynamics, our age structure climbed.  Last year I was finally able to take a buck that was 5 ½ years old.  We’d never seen him on camera in daylight, but had an idea of where he lived.  This was purely one of those moments where opportunity meets patience and hard work.  I happened to hit the rut perfectly and my setup was just the ticket for that moment in time.  Those days don’t happen very often, and I understand that.  Will I ever go back and shoot a 4 ½ year old buck again?  Probably. Hunting the area in East Texas where we are, it’s not common for a 5 ½ year old to slip up, so again, I have to be realistic with my approach.

Here are a few facts to help you make your decision this fall.  A buck is at 60% growth maturity at 2 ½ years old and at 80% at 3 ½ years old. Bucks make the biggest leap in antler and body growth in those first 3 years, then their bodies start leveling off and filling out.  Their antlers will typically do the same thing.  They’ll usually put on more mass, and possibly more points and length, but their frame is mostly established in the first 3 years. Now this isn’t the case everywhere, just generally speaking.  The wild card here is the hunter’s ability to judge a deer’s age on the hoof.  This is where conducting trail camera surveys are vitally important to monitoring your buck inventory.   Educating people on QDM and encouraging them to wait to take a 5 ½ year old buck is very difficult to do, but not impossible. https://www.qdma.com/take-qdm-one-step-time/ However, there is nothing wrong with hunters taking a 3 ½ year old buck.  If they can wait and pass on those yearlings and 2 ½ year old’s, then a 3 ½ year old buck will be a substantially larger buck than they would’ve possibly taken without understanding QDM.  On the other hand, like other aspects of management, allowing these bucks to mature another year or two can certainly yield to taking a larger, more mature buck. https://www.qdma.com/kill-right-bucks/

Taking the right buck will also help with the age structure of the herd.  Again, it’s tough to manage an aspect like this with just a few hunters, but you SHOULD take that 4 ½ to 5 ½ year old buck, even if he’s not a high scoring buck.  These are the bucks that dominate a given area, and if he’s running off your 2-3 ½ year old bucks, then you’re not recruiting anything for next season. So, try to focus on age rather than antler score when managing your herd.  This will vary, especially on ranches that are more intensely managed.

However, in most hunters’ eyes, taking a 4 ½ year old buck is rarely a mistake.  This is where trophy management takes a turn off from quality deer management.  There is nothing in the world wrong with managing your property for trophy deer if you have the resources in place to do so.  However, for the majority of land owners in Texas and Oklahoma, QDM is what we all would love to achieve.  For a hunter to go out and hunt a wild, acorn-fed buck on his terms and successfully take him with a quick, clean shot is an achievement many long to have.  It’s not about lowering standards to be able to take a buck each fall, it’s about keeping it real.  That brings us to the last factor we cannot forget as land/wildlife managers… have fun!

We have to remember to have fun and in doing that we recruit new hunters and the next generation of land managers.  It’s incredibly important to teach them the correct way from the beginning so we can minimize that learning curve we’ve all had to overcome.  With that being said, we also have to be willing to relax the grip on our management techniques at times to allow these young hunters to participate.  It won’t kill our management plan to allow your child/grandchild to take a young doe or buck.  It gets them involved at an early age and provides an incredible teaching tool to understanding and respecting this magnificent animal we have the opportunity to enjoy. https://www.qdma.com/the-decision-to-shoot/

To learn more, be sure to read Stephen’s first article of the series: Intensive Deer Management on Your Ranch

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About the Author: Stephen Schwartz is a Texas licensed farm and ranch real estate agent with Hortenstine Ranch Company and a graduate of Texas A&M with a BS in Agricultural Engineering. Mr. Schwartz has also earned a Level 1 Deer Steward QDMA from Clemson University. Stephen is also a gifted photographer and captured the beautiful images in this article. Learn more about Stephen Schwartz at https://hrcranch.com/stephen-schwartz/